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Earth Sciences

jSEDI

[Journal of Studies of Earth’s Deep Interior]

jSEDI

Journal of Studies of Earth’s Deep Interior

Founded in 2025, the journal of Studies of Earth’s Deep Interior is a multidisciplinary journal dedicated to the publication of original English-language research in the geosciences and, more specifically, in the deep Earth. Edited by ENS Éditions, the journal is published annually.

  • Director of publication: Emmanuel Trizac
  • Editors-in-chief: John Hernlund and Stéphane Labrosse
  • Medium: electronic
  • Frequency: continuous
  • Date created: 2025
  • Date of publication on Episciences: 2025
  • Subjects: Earth sciences
  • Language of publication: English
  • Review process: single blind peer review or open peer review
  • CC BY 4.0 licence
  • Publisher: ENS Éditions
    • Address: 15 parvis René Descartes, BP 7000, 69342 Lyon cedex 07
    • Country: France
  • Contact: jsedi AT episciences.org
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Latest articles

Principal component analysis of the 2010 reversal of core-surface flow beneath the Pacific Ocean

This paper is published after peer review in the Journal of Studies of Earth's Deep Interior (jSEDI).In this paper, we investigate the behaviour of the fluid flow in the Earth's outre core throughout the 21st century. The flow of the liquid iron cocktail in the Earth's outer core generates the geomagnetic field and its rate of change, the secular variation. Assuming that magnetic diffusion is negligible on timescales shorter than 100 years, we can invert SV observations from ground observatories and geomagnetic satellites for models of the fluid flow at the top of the core. We investigate core-surface flow, modelled from observations of SV from 1997 to 2025. Historically, the core-surface flow has been predominantly westward, as required to maintain a westward-drifting magnetic field, which is associated with a planetary gyre of westward flow, offset from the Earth’s rotation axis. This gyre does not affect the flow in the equatorial Pacific, and we find that the flow here changes in 2010 from weakly westward to strongly eastward. Our model suggest that the Pacific eastwards flow has been weakening since 2020. The rise of the strong eastward flow in the Pacific is contemporary with a change in behaviour in the inner core, as observed from geodesy and seismology, and we hypothesise that these changes in the deep interior triggered the inferred changes in flow beneath the Pacific. 
Madsen, Frederik Dahl
May 06, 2026
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Geodynamo simulations spanning millennia in the physical conditions of Earth's core

A geodynamo simulation is presented where the Earth's core density, rotation rate, convective power and electrical conductivity are matched, while viscous losses are maintained minor in the force balance and power budget. Improving over earlier preliminary calculations, the simulation is integrated over near 1700 years in physical time, and realistically renders the time scale range between interannual hydromagnetic waves and secular convective motions. The solution has been obtained by gradually approaching these conditions along a path in model parameter space. A quasi-geostrophic, magneto-Archimedes-Coriolis (QG-MAC) force balance is confirmed, with the characteristic length scale of the system remaining near the planetary scale. Without the need for extrapolation, the morphology, variations and dynamics of the velocity, convective density anomaly and magnetic fields are in excellent quantitative agreement with geomagnetic and geodetic observations supplied over the past centuries by navigation, observatories and satellites. In particular, the simulation reveals the contribution of interdecadal magneto-Coriolis waves to geomagnetic variations in the vicinity of 60-yr periods. This direct validation of the convective geodynamo paradigm additionally offers a quantitative and first principle-based physical link between the observable signals and deep Earth geodynamic parameters. The model confirms that a convective power (or Ohmic dissipation) level near 3 TW is needed to account for the observed geomagnetic variations, and that the top of the core should be convectively neutral or unstable. Explaining the core-originated interannual to decadal variations of the length of day through electromagnetic core-mantle coupling requires a lower mantle conductance on the order of 10^9 S. It may also become possible to constrain the outer core electrical conductivity from the observed patterns of interannual magneto-Coriolis waves. Finally, the simulation can be considered a reliable source of prior information for solving geomagnetic inverse and prediction problems.
Aubert, Julien
May 05, 2026
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Physics

OPS

[Open Plasma Science]

OPS

Open Plasma Science

Created in 2023, Open Plasma Science is a peer-reviewed journal supported by the University of Lorraine. It publishes articles in English covering plasma science in the broadest sense, from fusion plasmas to high- and low-pressure discharge plasmas, from plasma-surface or plasma-liquid interactions to turbulence in plasmas, from propulsion to manufacturing processes using plasmas.

  • Director of publication: Hélène Boulanger
  • Editor-in-chief: Jérôme Moritz
  • Medium: electronic
  • Frequency: continuous
  • Date created: 2023
  • Date of publication on Episciences: 2023
  • eISSN: 3076-1468
  • Subject: plasma physics
  • Language of publication: English
  • Review process: single blind peer review
  • CC BY 4.0 licence
  • Publisher: Université de Lorraine
    • Address: Institut Jean Lamour, Campus Artem, 2 allée André Guinier, BP 50840, 54011 Nancy Cedex
    • Country: France
  • Contact: ops AT episciences.org
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Latest articles

Characterization of a Plasma Source for Water Treatment Using Electrical, Optical, and Chemical Diagnostics

Hospital and urban wastewaters constitute major reservoirs of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MRB), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and persistent pharmaceutical contaminants, which are only partially removed by conventional treatment plants. As a result, these pollutants are frequently detected in treated effluents destined for environmental discharge or reuse, raising serious public health concerns-especially for agricultural irrigation. This study explores a novel immersed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma source engineered for point-of-use decontamination of wastewater at emission sites. The plasma device was thoroughly characterized by electrical, optical, and chemical diagnostics to elucidate its operating regimes and capacity to generate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) at the plasma-liquid interface. Findings demonstrate that the composition of the carrier gas critically shapes the production and transfer of short-and long-lived oxidants into the liquid phase. These results provide quantitative insights that support the ongoing optimization of plasma-based advanced oxidation systems for decentralized water treatment. They further illustrate how the careful control of plasma and gas composition can enhance the formation and transfer of oxidants, contributing to the broader field of plasma-liquid applications for the mitigation of emerging contaminants.

Saba, Maria
May 13, 2026
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Modeling of evaporation of macroparticles of vacuum arcs by an electron beam

The evaporation of droplets in an arc plasma flow under the action of an electron beam injected into the arc plasma and the condition of direct heating of microdroplets by beam electrons are considered. Analytical modeling shows that droplets ≤1 μm in size can be completely evaporated over time scales typical for cathodic arc deposition systems. It is shown that small microdroplets evaporate more intensively. The lower limit working points in terms of plasma electron density, and the electron energy and density of the injected energetic electrons required for droplet evaporation are found.   
Litovko, Iryna
February 11, 2026
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Social Sciences and Humanities

Transformations

[A DARIAH Journal]

Transformations

A DARIAH Journal

Transformations:A DARIAH Journal is a multilingual journal created in 2024 by the European research infrastructure DARIAH ERIC. It’s an ongoing publication with thematic issues in Digital Humanities, humanities, Social Sciences, and Arts. The journal is particularly interested in the use of digital tools, methods and resources in a reproducible approach. It welcomes scientific contributions on collections of data, workflows and software analysis.

  • Director of publication: Agiatis Benardou
  • Editor-in-chief: Toma Tasovac
  • Managing editors: Anne Baillot, Françoise Gouzi
  • Medium: electronic
  • Frequency: annual
  • Date created: 2024
  • Date of publication on Episciences: 2024
  • eISSN: 3095-3200
  • Subjects: Digital Humanities, Social Sciences and Humanities, Arts
  • Languages of publication: English, French, German, Spanish
  • Review process: open peer review
  • CC BY 4.0 licence
  • Publisher: DARIAH ERIC
    • Address: 54 boulevard Raspail, 75006 Paris
    • Country: France
  • Contact: transformations AT episciences.org
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Latest articles

Introduction to Workflows – Part 2

In this second part of the introduction to the first issue of Transformations. A DARIAH journal (dedicated to workflows), we present three articles, respectively dedicated to metadata-based, text-based and musicology workflows.
Baillot, Anne
November 06, 2025
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Supporting executable scientific workflows in a clustered Infrastructure: DARIAH-IT and H2IOSC

Workflows have become essential in digital humanities, enabling the formalisation, automation and reproducibility of complex research processes. As the humanities increasingly adopt data-driven methodologies, workflows offer structured approaches to manage diverse data and tools while supporting transparency and collaboration. Recognising this need, DARIAH-IT has advanced research infrastructure development by focusing on workflow-based services within the H2IOSC (Humanities and Cultural Heritage Italian Open Science Cloud) project. DARIAH-IT leads the design and implementation of a national cloud system to support digital humanities research, ensuring interoperability, FAIR data practices and semantic integration across disciplines. Central to DARIAH-IT’s effort within H2IOSC is AEON (dAriah sErvice Oriented iNfrastructure), a platform that enables the creation, execution and management of scientific workflows. AEON integrates service provisioning, semantic validation and runtime orchestration, supporting reproducible research and collaborative practices.
Degl'Innocenti, Emiliano
October 14, 2025
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